Most Energy Efficient Appliances

Have you seen this label yet?

This year the Environmental Protection Agency is rolling out a new classification of Energy Star called “Most Efficient”. Energy Star is a collaborative program between the EPA and U.S. Department of Energy. The program has been criticized because it operates on good-faith with manufacturers. Essentially the manufacturers perform all of the testing to qualify a product as energy star and then submit the test to the rating agency for approval. No independent testing required.

The new classification of “Most Efficient”, will change all of that. Phase 1 of the new testing process will require products to be tested for compliance by an EPA approved third party agency. The second phase has a verification testing requirement, which ensures that Energy Star compliant products remain energy efficient.

The categories that this new rating will apply to are clothes washers, heating and cooling equipment, televisions, and refrigerator-freezers.

The EPA plans to include more categories in 2012.

One thing I would personally like to see is the logo on the actual products or boxes. As it stands now the logo will only appear on the web or store signage.

Why You Need A Dehumidifier

Humidity, the amount of moisture in the air around you, plays an extremely important role in controlling the number of airborne allergens in your home. The two most common indoor allergens, dust mites and mold, thrive in warm, humid conditions. Allergens, such as mold and fungus are present, while dormant in nearly all materials, but in the presence of a food source and moisture, they can rapidly proliferate.

By keeping your relative humidity in the air below 50 percent, you can control the dust mite and mold spore populations in your home. The easiest and simplest way to do this and to increase the overall comfort level in your home is to control humidity levels with a dehumidifier. Dehumidifiers remove water vapor from the air and lower the relative humidity in your home.

If you are allergic to dust mites or mold—or if you smell a musty, mildew-like odor in your home, or see condensation on windows, walls, or floors—then you should seriously consider using a dehumidifier to improve the indoor air quality. Some allergens, such as mold, can turn into a serious and difficult problem to solve if allowed to grow unchecked in your home. In addition to health concerns, excess moisture speeds the natural process of oxidation. From metals to wood, every material found on this planet is subject to the process of decay and deterioration through oxidation. While researching a dehumidifier, there are some important factors to keep in mind before you make your purchase.

Choose a dehumidifier keeping in mind not only the temperature range, but also the overall climate of the region in which you live. For instance, in the Northeast a dehumidifier would be particularly useful since humidity remains high from May to October, while the temperature may remain mild. An air conditioner, which also removes some moisture in the air, would not run enough (due to the lower temperatures) to adequately control the moisture levels in your home. In this case, a dehumidifier would be an excellent fit.

If you live in an area close to a body of water, then probably you have experienced higher humidity levels!

Energy Usage

Like all appliances, different dehumidifiers use different amounts of energy for operation. Typical dehumidifiers can use anywhere from 50 to 800 watts. (For comparison sake, a typical lamp uses about 60 watts, while a typical computer uses about 365 watts) Amana and Haier brand dehumidifiers are all energy-star compliant for low energy costs.

Ease of Use

Most modern dehumidifiers were designed to be user friendly. For example, Amana dehumidifiersfeature electronic controls, a remote control, fully adjustable humidity settings, an auto de-icer, an auto-restart feature, a removable and easy-to-clean air filter, and a direct drain option for continuous operation. Look for these options that will make your life easier:

Water level control to prevent overflow
Full Tank Light that lets you know when it is time to empty the tank
Drainage/Porting option so that you do not have to worry about repeatedly emptying the tank
Anti-Frost Sensor (or Auto De-icer that keeps the dehumidifier from freezing up)
Movability--most of our dehumidifiers come with wheels or casters for easy transport and nearly all come with built in handles. Amana and Haier brands have especially heavy duty rollers that make for better mobility

Moisture Removal Rate

Dehumidifiers usually range in pint removal rate per twenty-four hours, at 30 to 70 pints per day. Buying a model with a higher pint removal rate is the best way to save operating expense, as the humidistat will cycle the unit off, when the area is dehumidified!

High Tech Appliances Coming in 2011

New High Tech Appliances will debut in 2011

According to a major research firm, smart appliances are projected to be a $26.1 billion global industry by 2019, and consumers by the end of 2011, will begin seeing the appliance industry move toward providing electronic management of their home appliances, on a very sophisticated level.

The initial roll out of the Smart Refrigerator will be in Korea; the refrigerator will hit the United States in the second quarter of this year. LG is announcing that they are a leader in this new technology. Below is an analysis of LG’s application of high tech to our appliances.

Running on smart technology and comprised of Smart Grid, Smart Diagnosis, Smart Access, Smart Adapt and Smart Manager systems, smart technology will allow users to managetheir refrigerators, washing machines, ovens and robotic vacuum cleaners via a remote network. Customers can get updates for, make adjustments to, and manage power consumption of their appliances via smart phones and tablets.

Ten years ago an internet refrigerator was launched that did not sell well, and was deemed ahead of its time. However, now the digital divide has been crossed, and consumers should might accept more modern technology, in their appliances, if they demonstrate significant advantages, without raising the cost of ownership too high.

Here is some commentary on LG’s newest technology, based on a press release LG sent out and conversation with one of their company representatives, familiar with these new applications.

LG “Thinq” links your smart appliances with Wi-Fi and smartphone apps

Unfortunately, for all the hyperbole of LG‘s press release; there's not much detail about the appliances themselves. We do know that “Thinq” technology features smart grid, access, diagnosis, adapt, and food management capabilities. At the center of “Thinq” is the concept of an intelligent Wi-Fi grid built around a smart meter enabling home owners to schedule the oven cook time, washing machine cycle, and refrigerator defrost at the most cost-effective or convenient times.

Smart Access allows homeowners to control and monitor appliances from outside of the home and, better yet, control LG's HOM-BOT robotic vacuum cleaner to clean or remotely view the house and even feed the dog.

LG's smart refrigerators can count and display the number of times the door is opened and alert home owners when the door is ajar. Alerts can also be scheduled when the ice-maker is switched off or the washing machine is off balance or a load is finished. LCD displays on LG's “Thinq” appliances show daily, weekly, or monthly reports detailing each appliance's energy consumption. Naturally, you can access daily totals from your smartphone or tablet as well. New Smart Diagnosis features include downloadable diagnostic information and the ability to hit a few buttons on the appliance to emit a series of tones to assist LG technicians troubleshooting problems over the phone. The food management feature works by dragging and dropping food icons around the LCD display or by using built-in voice recognition. Unfortunately, the inventory must be managed manually making this feature pretty useless for all but the most obsessive of home owners. All the appliances are software upgradeable with the ability to download new features like pre-programmed recipes and advanced wash cycles. It all sounds very intriguing but we'll have to see the added value acceptance, versus cost; of the American consumer, to know if these will sell.

How an Air Conditioner Works

What you need to know about air conditioning!

Air conditioning does more than cool the air. It truly "conditions" it by removing dust and dirt as the air is drawn through a filter. Air conditioning also lowers the humidity, making the air more comfortable at any temperature. These benefits, however, can be costly. Depending on your region of the country, it is estimated that air conditioning can account for anywhere from 5 to 40% of your household budget. Because an air conditioner is such a sizable investment, you can save money and energy by carefully purchasing and operating your air conditioner.

When shopping for an air conditioner, first consider what system best suits your needs - central air conditioning or room air conditioning. Central air conditioners are usually mounted on concrete slabs exterior of your home/building, but they cool the entire interior either by blowing cold air through ducts positioned in each room, or by circulating cooled water through pipes to each room where fans blow air across the pipes. Room air conditioners work in the same way, but have a smaller capacity and therefore only cool the immediate area.

Central air conditioners generally provide the greatest comfort but they also cost more than room units. If several rooms need to be cooled, however, a central system is probably the best buy. Central systems generally are not cost-effective as an addition to an existing home unless the existing ductwork can be used. My experience is that room air units usually save energy, because we tend to just cool the one room that we stay in the most, and with central we are cooling every room, all the time. When a bedroom is cooled by a window or wall unit, the air conditioning energy expense is for that room only, whereas with central the entire home is still being cooled.

Room air conditioners are mounted in windows or built into an external wall. Room units are less expensive than central units; however, they only cool the general space in which they are located. There are four types of room units; window models can be installed in most windows; casement window models, used in narrow, vertical windows, usually require the removal of a window panel for installation; and built-in models which are encased in a sleeve installed in the wall. The fourth type of air conditioner is the portable air conditioner, which has grown immensely in popularity. Portables have many advantages to them:

Roll room to room as needed.
Affordable (costs have declined dramatically over the last five years
Easy to install in double hung windows and sliding glass doors
Can be converted, as needed, into just a dehumidifier by a simple push of the button on the remote control
Can be installed flush to a building line, and maintain low exterior visibility, so as to maintain the beauty in appearance of a home.

Size determining which BTU to purchase

After selecting the optimum unit type, consider unit size. A bigger unit is not necessarily better, because a unit that is too large will not cool an area uniformly. Also, an oversized unit will cool an area too quickly, causing the air conditioner to frequently turn on and off. This wastes electricity and money. In addition, a unit that is too large will not run long enough to reduce humidity and, instead of feeling comfortable, the air will feel cold and clammy at the normal thermostat setting.

On the other hand, you should avoid purchasing too small a unit. An insufficiently sized unit will run constantly on hot days and still not be able to cool the area adequately.

In sizing an air conditioner for your home, consider the dimensions of the area to be cooled and how the area is used. Based on size alone, an air conditioner commonly needs 20 Btu for each square foot of living space. For instance, to air condition a room that is 15 feet wide and 20 feet long, you would calculate: 15 x 20 x 20(Btu) = 6,000. Thus, an air conditioner with a 6,000 Btu capacity would be required.

Calculating Btu requirements becomes more complicated when you consider an area's use. For instance, if you use passive cooling techniques such as shading, ventilation or vegetation, your Btu estimate can be lowered. Likewise, your Btu needs are increased by factors such as the size of the household, frequent use of heat-producing appliances, or summer humidity levels. An appliance dealer will use these factors to adjust your estimated Btu requirement. For most efficient cooling, purchase a unit, with a capacity within 5% of this estimate.

If you'd prefer to calculate your own capacity needs, you may send away for a "Cooling Load Estimation Form" from:

The Association of Home Appliance, Manufacturers 20 North Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606

Efficiency Look for the E STAR Label

When choosing between units with similar prices, capacities and features, energy efficiency should be the deciding factor. Even though an energy efficient unit may be higher priced, it may be the best buy. High efficiency appliances cost less to operate and can pay back the extra initial cost many times over during their lifetimes. Many utilities are offering rebates on E STAR air conditioners, which makes the difference in E STAR versus non-E STAR very similar in cost.

All room air conditioners bear bright yellow Energy Guide labels which provide information on energy efficiency. Energy Guide labels are mandated by Congress as part of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975. The label displays an energy efficiency rating (EER) in large black numbers. The higher the energy efficiency number rating, the more efficient the appliance, and the less energy it will consume. Units with an EER of 9.0 or above are considered very efficient. To help you compare units, a range for competing air room conditioners of the same cooling capacity is printed on the Energy Guide label below the EER.

The label also provides a cost/use chart to calculate the cost of operating the appliance based on local electricity rates and expected hours of use. If your utility is in the 12 cents to 16 cents KWH range, it almost always pays to buy an E STAR unit. 700 hours a year is the basis of the cost to run an air conditioner. If you use an air conditioner year round, then once again, it certainly would pay to only buy an E STAR model.

Central air conditioners are rated according to their Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER). Like the EER, the higher the SEER, the more efficient the system. To compare the efficiency of two units with equal cooling capacity, take the difference in SEER's and divide by the large SEER. For example, if system A has a SEER of 6, and system, B has a SEER of 8, system B will provide the same amount of cooling as system A while consuming 25% less energy(8 - 6 =2; 2/8 = .25).

Finally, compare warranties and maintenance agreements when buying an air conditioner.

Installation

An improperly installed unit, even one with a very high efficiency rating, will waste energy. Whether you install the unit yourself or hire a professional, the following installation tips should be followed. Remember that each unit has specific installation requirements. Therefore, follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. In addition, it is important to install the unit in a shaded spot on the house's north side or east side because direct sunshine on the unit's outdoor heat exchanger decreases efficiency. If your system is already exposed to the sun, a shading device such as an awning will protect the unit. Also, do not try to hide the unit's external part behind shrubbery. The shrubbery reduces the unit's ability to exhaust air and lowers its efficiency. Plenty of air circulation is mandatory. Room air conditioners must be installed on a flat, even surface so that the inside drainage system and other mechanisms operate efficiently.

The room air conditioner should fit snugly inside the sleeve. Make sure the unit's front and rear filter plates, top and side flanges and the gaskets/jacketing, on all four sides are waterproofed. Also, provide for effective storm water drainage.

Finally, verify that your home's electrical system can meet the unit's power requirements. Room units operate on 115-volt or 230-volt circuits. The standard household receptacle is a connection for a 115-volt branch circuit. Large room units rated at 115 volts may require a dedicated circuit and room units rated at 230 volts may require installation of a special circuit. If in doubt about your wiring, consult an electrician or electric utility. An HVAC contractor should install your central air conditioner.

Maintaining your air conditioner

A dusty filter reduces air flow, and costs you more money to operate. Examine your unit's air filters once a month and clean or replace filters when necessary. Keeping your filters clean can cut energy consumption 5 to 15%. Most room air conditioners have lifetime filters but central units require replacement of filters.

Room units should be covered or removed and stored in the winter.

Clogged drain channels prevent a unit from reducing humidity and the resulting excess moisture may discolor walls and carpet. Channels usually can be cleaned by passing a stiff wire through them.

Holes in the seal between the air conditioner and the window frame allow cool air to escape from your home. Moisture can damage this seal so inspect it annually to see that it makes contact with the unit's metal case.

Coils can become clogged with dust. To clean room air conditioner coils, first unplug the unit. Use a vacuum cleaner to remove dust from the interior heat exchanger; the exterior heat exchanger may be cleaned using water from a garden hose.

You may wish to install a timer. When leaving home, you can set the timer so that the unit turns on a half hour before you return. This should be enough time to cool the room. Before purchasing a timer, you must make sure that it can handle the electrical load; otherwise, the timer could be a fire hazard. For central air conditioners, a programmable thermostat will control the unit. Many units today have electronic controls with a timer, built right into the unit.

For a central air conditioning unit, make sure the ducts are properly insulated, especially those that pass through the attic or any other unconditioned areas.

Make sure furniture does not obstruct air conditioning vents. Close off unused rooms and close vents in those rooms.

Weather-strip all doors and windows.

Close all unnecessary openings such as fireplace dampers, doors and windows.

Set the thermostat to 780 F. Setting the thermostat down to 720 F would increase your cooling costs 12 to 47%, depending on where you live.

Do not set the thermostat lower than the desired temperature when you first turn it on. It will not cool faster; it mill only cool to a lower temperature than necessary and waste energy.

Set the fan speed on high except in very humid weather. When it's humid, set the speed on low; you will get less cooling but more from the air which will make it feel cooler.

Do not position heat-producing appliances, such as televisions or lamps, near the thermostat. The heat they produce "fools" the thermostat and causes the unit to run longer than necessary.

Keep out sun with louvers or awnings on the outside of your windows, or draw draperies, blinds, or shades indoors. Keep storm windows closed.

Limit heat and humidity producing tasks like cooking and laundering to early morning or late evening.

Use kitchen and bathroom exhaust fans sparingly.

Alternatives

Good conservation habits also help hold down electric bills. For instance, only use your unit when the temperature is above 78 degrees F. Close windows and draw drapes and shades during the day to keep out the heat. At night, open the windows and turn on window or attic fans to draw in the cooler air. In addition, passive cooling techniques such as shading, ventilation, and vegetation can reduce your cooling needs.

A heat pump can be an alternative to the conventional air conditioner. In its cooling mode, an air-to-air heat pump works like an ordinary air conditioner. But unlike an air conditioner, the heat pump can reverse during cold weather, absorbing heat from the outdoor air and transferring it indoors. Though air-to-air is the most common type of heat pump, water-to-air and ground-to-air heat pumps are also available. Water-to-air heat pumps exchange heat with either ground surface or well water.

Ground-to-air heat pumps are most cost effective when included in a new home's design rather than as an addition to an existing home.

Fans can also help cool your home. While fans cannot replace air conditioners, they can provide supplemental cooling, especially on mild summer days. Substituting fans for air conditioners can save 60% or more in energy.

Evaporative coolers, or "swamp coolers" also can cool your home. An evaporative cooler works on the principle that it takes heat to evaporate water. An evaporative cooler uses the outside air's heat to evaporate water that is held by pads inside the cooler. The heat is drawn out of the air through this process and 'the cooled air is blown into your home by the cooler's fan.

An evaporative cooler costs less than an air conditioner and it also requires only about a quarter of the electricity it would take to run a regular air conditioner. Due to the humidity they add to the air, however, evaporative coolers are only effective in hot, dry regions such as the southwestern United States. An evaporative cooler are also requires a large amount of water. This may be a problem for areas where water has to be conserved. Also, the evaporate cooler requires more maintenance than an air conditioner.

How to make the perfect match…for your cook ware!

Match your cookware to your range type for the best cooking results!

Smooth-top ranges are completely smooth. Traditional stove tops have the heating elements above the main level of the stove, but smooth tops contain the heating elements below the surface of the stove. Cooking on a smooth-top range is different than cooking on other ranges. There is specific cookware that is best to use on each kind of smooth-top range.

Halogen Stoves
Halogen cooktopsoften have a smooth top. The best kind of cookware to use with this kind of stove is metal with a thick bottom. If glass or rough-bottomed cookware is used, then dirt particles or blemishes on the glass bottoms of the pans can scratch the surface of the stove and damage the surface. Stainless-steel cookware with a thick bottom works really well for halogen stoves.

Induction Stoves

Induction stoves have what appears to be a top that resembles glass. The heating elements appear as red circles below the surface of the glass. Magnetic cookware is the best kind of cookware to use with induction stoves. Magnetic steel and cast iron are the best for this kind of stove. The easiest way to see whether a pan is magnetic is to place a kitchen magnet on the bottom. If it sticks, then the pan will work on an induction stove.

Solid-Disk Element Stoves

If you have a solid-disk stove, then it is possible to use almost any kind of cookware. However, manufacturers of the solid-disk stove recommend using cookware that has never been used on a different kind of stove. This is because pot bottoms can become warped over time. If the cookware is used only on the solid-disk stove then the pan will never warp and the heat will distribute more evenly.

Ceramic Stoves

Ceramic stove tops can be used with a few different kinds of cookware. Metal cookware is recommended. Heavier pots will cook food better. Do not use pots and pans that have a rough bottom. This will cause the surface to become scratched. Glass cookware should never be used on a ceramic stove. Iron cookware is not recommended for ceramic stove tops. Do not use copper cookware on ceramic stoves, either.

Problems

Cooking on a flat-surface stove is different than cooking on more traditional element stoves. One problem that often happens with flat-top stoves is that the pans and pots get heated too quickly, and can easily burn. The best way to avoid this is to never turn a burner on without food or water in the pan. Avoid convex pots with glass cooktop stoves. Convex pots are those whereby the pot edges are angled upward, and when heated the pots actually do not fully absorb the heat being generated by a glass top stove.
Gas stove cooktops are the most forgiving in that the gas surrounds the cooking bottom, regardless of shape, and people prefer gas cooktops for this reason. Electric cooktops are easier to clean than other cooktop types and add a benefit that gas does not, in that they also provide an area of preparation of foods.

Phosphates are now prohibited in 16 states

Phosphates Are Now Prohibited in 16 States

Phosphates in dishwasher detergents do improve dishwashing performance. However, phosphates are bad for marine life in water, as they negatively impact the growth of algae in water.

Given that environmental impact, a ban on phosphates in dishwasher detergents took effect in July 2010, in 16 states: Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin. The law limits the phosphate level to 0.5 percent, down from up to 8.7 percent previously. Commercial dishwashing products are not affected by the ban, and limits on the phosphorus level of laundry detergents, have been around since 1994.

The good news is that consumers in these states can purchase newly introduced detergents, that according to consumers guide magazine do a good job of cleaning without phosphorus based detergents. Cascade Complete All In 1 pacs (28 cents per load), Ecover tablets (27 cents), Finish Powerball Tabs tablets (22 cents), and Method Smarty Dish tablets (21 cents). The September 10^th 2010 edition of consumer reports gives testing results.

To help your dishwasher perform at its best and keep your items from getting damaged, use the loading tips here. And remember, hard water can affect how well your dishwasher cleans.

1. Load large items at the sides and back of the dishwasher, so that they don't block water and detergent from reaching other dishes.

2. Place the dirtier side of dishes toward the center of the machine to provide more exposure to the spray. Don't let dishes or utensils nest, or rest side by side, which can prevent water from reaching all surfaces.

3. Use the top rack for plastic and delicate items that are dishwasher safe.

4. Rest glassware on prongs to prevent breakage. And to prevent chipping, make sure that china, crystal, and stemware don't touch other items. Don't “machine-wash” brass, bronze, cast iron, disposable plastics, gold-colored flatware, gold-leaf china, hollow-handle knives, pewter, tin, or anything made of wood or with a wood handle.

5. Load silverware with handles down but place knives with the handles up. If your dishwasher has an open basket, mix spoons, forks, and knives to prevent them from sticking together.

6. Place items with baked-on food facedown and toward the sprayer in the bottom rack. Some newer machines have special spray jets for cleaning heavily-soiled items. Check the owner's manual for specifics on how to place items in the dishwasher.

Front Load Washer versus Top Load Washer

Front Load Washer versus Top Load Washer

While top load washers have been the traditional form of washing machine over the past several decades, Americans are now favoring front load laundry for many reasons.

The front-loading machine's greatest advantage may well be its energy efficiency, no small advantage considering an increasingly environmentally aware marketplace. Nearly every model earns the US Department of Energy's "Energy Star" label. Over many years of ownership saving energy adds up to saving you big dollars. However, front loaders save you a lot more than just energy.

Here are some of the other differences between top- and front-loading washers:

Efficiency:

Water Savings is significant as front loaders use 66% less water, and hot water!

While a top-loading machine requires enough water to cover all the clothes in its drum, a front-loading washer needs only a thirdof that amount because its drum is set horizontally in the machine. As the drum turns, it uses gravity to drop the clothes back into the water. And while a top-loading machine will empty the soapy water and refill for a rinse agitation cycle, a front-loading machine just sprays clean water on the load as the drum continues to turn, saving gallons. Since there's no agitator in a front-loading machine, there's a lot more room for dirty clothes - and larger loads means fewer loads.

Finally, the front-loading machine's spin mechanism can reach up to 1,000 rpm, as opposed to the standard top-loader's average 650 rpm. That means less water left in the laundry, which in turn gives you a shorter drying time, saving energy there, too.

Space: (Front loaders are ideal for urban apartments or homes where space is an issue)

Most front-loading washers can be stacked with a companion dryer, an impossible feat for standard top-loaders, except for a mere few models. If floor space is important to you, a front-loading washer is the better choice.

Clothing life:

There's no question that agitators are tough on your clothes. Because only gravity is at work in a front-loading machine, you'll save a lot of wear and tear on your laundry, extending the life of your clothes and linens. Examine the tensile strength of fabric washed in a front loader without an agitator, versus an agitator machine, and you will find there is a vast difference. Front loaders do not promote “piling of fabric”, and hence clothing lasts a lot longer with a front loader.

Are clothes expensive? What is that worth to you in terms of dollars saved on buying new clothing?

Cost:

Front loader costs used to be almost double those of top loaders, but today that vast difference in cost has shrunk considerably. Today front loaders have come down in cost, but are still more costly than top loaders, in general. Cost is relative to drum capacity, and if you stay with a 4 cubic drum capacity, the costs today are very affordable.

Ergonomics:

If bending or kneeling is difficult for you, stay with a top-loading machine. You'll need to kneel or bend to load the clothes as well as remove the wet load from a front-loading washer. When the machines are stacked, the washer goes on the bottom, so there's no relief there, either. Front load manufacturers now offer a stand for the front loader, that doubles as a clothes/utility drawer, for about $200 to $249 extra expense, which reduces bending/kneeling.

Detergents:

Front loaders use 66% less detergent, and less bleach, than an average agitator top load washer, and what is that worth over many years, in terms of money saved.

In the conservation department, the front-loading machine is a clear winner, saving water, hot water and cost to heat hot water, energy and, detergent expense. Over the life of the machine, a front loader’s additional expense can pay you back with money saved. So if you want longer lasting clothing, while consuming far less water, hot water, detergent/bleach expense, consider a front loader. Also true, is that a front loader, washes clothes better than the average top load machine does. Front loaders have better cleaning outcomes (clothes sloshing thru water is a superior washing action, versus clothes getting beaten with an agitator).The major detractor for most consumers is the larger initial cash outlay, but even that is being narrowed by today’s manufacturing efficiencies.

New Refrigerators Save $$$

Today's refrigerators are very energy efficient. Ones sold today use about one-tenth the amount of electricity of ones that were built 20 years ago. So, if you have an old, old refrigerator, it's better to buy a new one because you'll save money (and energy) over a long period of time.

Twenty years ago about 50% or more of your homes electrical energy was consumed by your refrigerator. That is because it ran 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year.

A typical 18 cubic frost free refrigerator would use about 4,000 KWH of electricity a year to operate. Todays’ refrigerators can use as little as 400 KWH per year by comparison. When purchasing a new refrigerator I suggest looking at the yellow energy label on the front, to insure it is an E STAR energy efficient model.

So when your old refrigerator finally quits on you, don’t see the expense of a new purchase, as all bad. The new models will pay you back, because of how significant their energy usage has declined. With some utilities charging a KWH (Kilowatt hour rate) of 16 cents, it is easy to see how much money can be saved. Witness this chart:

4000 KWH x 16 cents equals $640.00 cost to run, per year.

400 KWH X 16 cents equals $64.00 cost to run, per year.

$576.00 is saved on a new refrigerator in just a single year, versus an average 20 year old model of same cubic feet!

Humidification is important!

Dry air in your home during wintertime can lead to window and door shrinkage, resulting in leaks and heat loss. Saving moneyis not the only benefit that a humidifier brings you during dry winter weather; it is also your personal comfort level that is affected.

Cool, dry air in winter not only means a rise in your energy bills, but it also means a rise in chapped lips, flaky skin and scratchy throats.

What to buy!

When buying a humidifier, here are some things to keep in mind: Steam and “warm mist” humidifiers use more energy than the ultrasonic, impeller or evaporative models because they involve heating water. In-duct model use the least energy of any type, but they can only be used if you have a hot-air furnace with a duct system. In-duct models costs between $100 to $250 plus installation (usually another $200).

Before you purchase, you need to measure your square footage so you get the right sized model, and be sure to keep it clean!

What to look for!

Buy a humidifier with a hydrostat, which automatically controls the humidity. It’s not only better for you (too much humidity can cause health problems); it will also keep you from wasting energy.

What to buy and Look for in a dehumidifier!

When spring arrives, so does swap out time,for humidifiers to dehumidifiers. Energy Star dehumidifiers remove the same amount of moisture from the air as conventional models, but use 10 to 20% less energy. For a 40 pint unit, that can add up to savings of $40 per year. Most dehumidifiers have top-mounted air discharge and can be placed against walls, but if you select a model without top-mounted discharge, place the dehumidifier away from walls and furniture, so that air can circulate freely around the unit-and save more energy.

Many utilities offer rebates for purchasing E STAR dehumidifiers.

My advice to homeowners is to purchase larger pint models, as they dehumidify and then their humidistat shuts down the compressor faster, thus saving on energy. Larger pint models, like a 65, 70 or even 75 pint model, will cost you more initially, but they cost less to operate, and save money in the long run.

Why the majority of Americans, cook with Electric Ranges!

The two most common ways to cook on a stovetop are using a Gas Range or an Electric Range. According to the Consumer Energy Center website, 58 percent of Americans have electric ranges, although gas is also very popular. There are several reasons why so many people choose to cook on an electric range.

Consistency

Electric ranges, provides more consistent heat that is easier to control with precision than its gas counterpart. The coils of the electric range, or the ceramic or glass electric cooktop models that have grown in popularity, heat the cooking surface of pots and pans evenly. This prevents food in the pans from burning on one side. Delicate food items, such as eggs are affected heavily by inconsistent heat. Also, the knob on an electric range typically allows the user to adjust to a different temperature quickly and with precision. Gas stoves require the adjustment of the flame, which may vary based on several factors. I recommend flat-bottomed pans on the electric range for the best results and most consistent heat. Rounded bottoms allow heat to escape and waste energy. Many types of round bottom utensils are unevenly shaped and tend to move easily while atop burners, due to lack of symmetry in their concave design.

Energy Savings

If you follow a recipe book, you know when the food cooking on the range is close to being done. The electric range has the advantage of allowing you to save energy by turning it off before you are done cooking. Electric range coils or flat surface electric ranges retain a great deal of heat for several minutes after the power is turned off. The flow of electricity stops immediately, meaning you are not spending any more money. However, the residual heat continues for a while. The heating elements will stay hot long enough to finish cooking, according to the Consumer Energy Center website. This same method works when cooking in an electric oven. The power can be turned off several minutes before a baking timer expires, and the heat will remain trapped in the oven compartment for several minutes before losing significant heat.

Easy Cleanup

A range that is kept clean is a more efficient cooking appliance, and they use less energy preparing a meal. For cleaning, the electric range has a great advantage over the gas variety. The ease of cleaning is one of the electric range's best assets.

Gas ranges often need cleaning after every use, but a quick wipe of the surface of an electric range is usually all that is needed after each use. Electric ranges with smooth surfaces, such as the ceramic cooktop versions, do not have any indentations that catch and trap spilled food. A cleaner made especially for these ranges will make cleaning very simple. Models with coils and reflectors are also easy to clean, because the parts come out and can be hand-washed in just a few minutes. Ceramic top range owners need to be attentive of not scratching the glass surface. People who wear diamond rings should be wary of how easily that diamond can scratch the surface glass.

Advantages of Gas Ranges

There's a reason restaurants use gas ranges almost exclusively: there are a number of advantages to using a gas range as opposed to an electric range. Although home cooks don't require quite the same performance that a professional chef needs from a stove, they may find that gas stoves are easier to work with and observe that they produce more dependable results than their electric counterparts. There is an assortment of reasons to opt for gas over electric.

For people concerned about the bottom line, it tends to be cheaper to operate a gas stove, depending on the type of gas used to fuel it (natural gas is the least expensive) and the prevailing prices for gas. Gas stoves tend to be a bit more expensive to buy and install, but people may feel that this is worth it when viewing costs in the long term.

A gas stove offers immensely more control over what is going on at the stove top. When temperature adjustments are made with a gas stove, the stove changes immediately, rather than taking time to heat up or cool off, as is the case with an electric range. For finicky dishes, this level of control can be critical. It's also easy to gauge how much heat a pot or pan is getting by looking at the flame, allowing for more accuracy when working with gas.

Gas stoves also tend to contribute less to ambient temperatures in the kitchen. After a day of slogging over the stove, the kitchen should not be significantly warmer as a result of lost heat from the stove, a common problem with electric stoves. Gas stoves also work when the power is out, a definite plus for people in regions with unreliable power sources, and the stove top tends to be cooler than that of an electric stove, reducing the risk of burns.

Historically, gas ovens have been criticized as being slightly less accurate and harder to handle than electric ovens. However, there are many modern gas stoves that offer ovens with excellent performance on par with that of an electric oven if not better, and they are often more suitable for tasks like broiling and baking bread. A gas stove/oven combination can take up less space than a separate range and oven. Ask your major appliance professional which stoves cook with the best performance.

People who want to make the switch from an electric to a gas stove should consider switching to gas for theirhot water heatersand their heating systems. As long as one is going to go to the expense of installing a gas line, it pays to convert several systems at once. Switching to gas for heating can also save a significant amount of money.

Natural gas prices are currently in decline with new drilling technology, America has huge natural gas reserves, which means gas prices, are declining markedly right now. It is dangerous to predict where the future is going for natural gas, but currently natural gas production is on a steep rise, and when supply expands and demand remains the same, prices tend to drop.

Grills or Griddles for your stovetop, which one is right for you?

Though some people use their names interchangeably, griddles and grills are two different cooking products. While some foods could be prepared on either of these, some do better on one versus the other.

The best way to tell them apart is that a griddle has a flat surface, whereas a grill has raised ridges that have two functions. They keep steaks, hamburgers, chicken and other foods from sitting in the grease and similar to barbecue grills, they leave appealing grilling lines on foods as they cook. Grills can also be used for making Panini and other grilled sandwiches, with the use of a bacon press or other weighty accessory.

Common uses for griddles are French toast, pancakes, bacon and eggs, though you can cook a steak, vegetables and other foods on this cooking appliance.

Both the grill and griddle are popular cookery implements, but the fitness conscious usually prefer slenderer cooking with a grill. Either one come in models designed for use on a cooktop or as an electric appliance.

There are a few combo units on the market that give you the option of grilling or griddling with versatile interchangeable or reversible cooking plates. A combination griddle/grill can save you money as well as storage space, if you want both types of cookware or appliances. If you own a professional type range, and are unsure whether to order the manufacturers grill or griddle, it has been my personal experience that the Grill is more often used than the pancake griddle, by 80% of my customers who purchased professional range from my stores. When I had customers who could not make up their mind to buy the grill or griddle, I always recommended buying the combination unit. With a combination unit, you just turn the grill over and it is a griddle and vice versa.

Pictured below on the top is the griddle, flat bottomed, smooth surface, and below it the grill.

Note the raised edges on the grill.

An Entirely New Oven Idea

Gaggenau Lift Oven lifts your food right into the oven!

This entirely new concept in oven design permits you to really see what is cooking inside your oven. Never before has the appliance industry offered such a unique and special product. You place your food on a shelf, and press a button and the food is lifted up into your oven. The oven has a special, very bright halogen light inside, so you do not have to open the door (which dries out food, because cooler room air, forces the thermostat to compensate upward and thus dry your food).

Introducing the Gaggenau Lift Oven, a revolutionary device that makes baking and roasting as easy as pie!

This 24-inch oven has a feature known as “LiftMatic”, which raises and lowers the oven’s ceramic base to and from the countertop beneath. Load your dishes, press a button, and the base moves up into the oven, eliminating the need for heavy lifting. Plus, since heat rises, it remains in the oven, which all but eliminates energy loss.

The oven features 11 heating methods (including convection), automatic temperature recommendation, and self-cleaning. And no wimpy interior light here – the Gaggenau’s halogen lighting illuminates your food perfectly. This oven can be built into top cabinet locations, making it especially ideal for small kitchens. This oven is ideal for urban kitchens with limited space for an oven.

Robert W. Nathan

What to look for in a Barbeque!

Most gas grills will perform adequately at your next barbeque. But as with all appliances, some models do so with more style, and some offer more convenience, some with more cooking uniformity.

I recommend Weber Barbeques, and feel strongly that most companies that rate BBQs, do not live with them over years of service. Any imported POJ can cook fairly well out of the box but live with it, as things fall apart and service vaporizes like so much smoke and one can truly appreciate what Weber is all about. 17 hard years on my Genesis and still going strong, with one set of replacement grills6, original ignitor, only one grate replaced Cost of ownership? $500 purchase, $75.00 in parts / 15 years (do the math).

As a BBQ retailer over many years, selling most major brands, I had opportunity to hear the feedback from thousands of BBQ purchasers. Weber after sale parts availability, and ease of doing business with the company were superb. The Weber products gave my retail customers very high satisfaction, for reasonable costs. In my store I could sell a customer a basic Barbeque that would do an adequate job of cooking, but that low priced unit, usually lasted less than a few BBQ seasons, and then it required a lot of additional parts. Worst of all it did not cook the same as Weber did.

What features should you value the most?

Ability to Grill - I would rate Weber excellent (as did a leading consumer magazine that tests grilling) The Weber indirect method of cooking on their model E320 is a complete pleasure to cook with. This special system, literally seals the juices in to the food you are preparing.

Protection from spiders - Spiders love to clog gas line, and you need to insure that your BBQ has screening over the air intakes.

Cooking consistency means that items cooking in the front and rear of the grill, or at any placement on the cooking grill, cook at the same rate.

Ease of cleaning/durability - ask your dealer how to best clean the BBQ.

What upgrade to demand – Stainless steel burners, stainless steel cooking surface (grating). Well worth the little additional cost, because stainless lasts much longer than metal or porcelain over metal. I would recommend avoiding cast iron grating, as it absorbs heat, and has more flare up issues.

Char Broil and Vermont Castings are two other brands, that I have seen perform well.

If you are really into Barbequing and can spend the money to obtain an infrared burner, I would highly recommend this to anyone, who likes cooking meats. Great chefs know that cooking meat faster leads to just a little more better taste.

Better Cooking with a Convection Oven!

Hot air circulating through your oven cooks food more evenly, at lower temperatures, and often with better and faster results, and uses less energy, plus you have enhanced cooking outcomes in terms of more food to eat.

What is a Convection Oven?
The fundamental difference between the working of a convection oven and the other (thermal) ovens is that the former makes use of circulated heated airflow to cook food. The layer of air that acts as insulation around the food in commonly used ovens is stripped away in the convection ovens. It creates a 'wind chill' effect and warms the food quickly. The human body loses heat to the surroundings by means of the process called convection. The heat is lost quickly if the wind speed is greater. The convection oven uses the same principle in cooking food. If a warm flow of air is circulated throughout the oven, it helps in cooking the food quickly. This is because the layer of insulation that develops around the food in traditional ovens is removed in this oven. The structure of a convection oven could be roughly described as that of having a heating source, 2 - 3 racks, and the provision for air to flow.

You can cook just about anything in a convection oven, and while learning to use one certainly isn't a big deal, the results you get—evenly cooked cookies, crisp pastry, and juicy, well-browned meats are. Meats cooked in a “true European” (i.e. one with an electric coil around the fan) convection oven retain more moisture, and have far less shrinkage.

To get comfortable with a convection oven, you just have to start using it. The easiest way to do this is to experiment with your favorite recipes by cooking them at a slightly lower temperature (usually 25 degrees less) and for a slightly shorter time than you normally would. My advice is to purchase a model that has an electronic converter guide feature, whereby regular oven times/temperatures are converted over to convection oven times and temperatures.

Convection ovens cook in about 25% less time, than a regular thermal oven. On the average sized thanksgiving turkey, this can save you one hour of cooking time. One hour less electrical expense, plus a more moist turkey. Reheating food in radiant ovens could be difficult at times. This is because; the uneven heating in these ovens spoils the food. The food might get dehydrated, thereby reducing its quality. A convection oven overcomes the above mentioned disadvantage of a traditional oven and helps in reheating the food quickly.

Baking cookies on racks (usually three racks) in any standard thermal oven; often leaves one rack of cookies more cooked, than the other racks (uneven baking). Bottom racks of cookies are usually overdone, versus the upper two racks. With a convection oven, all three racks of cookies would come out evenly baked. Convection ovens provide more consistent cooking outcomes.

The upcharge for a convection oven, versus a regular thermal oven, is usually about 15% to as much as 25% more. However, when you consider the average lifetime of the range, and the energy saved, convection is in my opinion the only way to go!

How a convection oven works and what to look for!

In addition to a normal baking element on the bottom and a broiling element on the top, a convection oven has a fan surrounded by a baffle in the rear. A “true European” convection oven is the most desirable type to purchase, as this style sterilizes the air, and adds more heat to the oven, allowing for the fastest cooking of all. More even browning occurs in a convection oven. You can even cook dissimilar foods in a “true European” convection oven, without transfer of taste or aroma between foods.

Robert W. Nathan

Cooking Up Kitchen Safety

Unattended cooking remains the leading cause of U.S. home fires

NORTHBROOK, Ill., USA, Nov. 19, 2003 --Leaving an unattended skillet sizzling on the stove is a good way to burn your breakfast, not to mention the chance of burning down your kitchen.

According to statistics, 30 percent of all reported home fires start in the kitchen, and of those, most involve the range-top. That is why Underwriters Laboratories and the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers are teaming up over the holiday season to spread the word about prevention of cooking fires. "The sad truth is that in nearly 75 percent of reported home fires, especially those originating in the kitchen, the person responsible for the fire was not in the area when it started,” says Barbara Guthrie, director of Consumer Affairs at Underwriters Laboratories. “UL and AHAM urge everyone to pay attention to what’s cooking during the busy holiday season.”

The two not-for-profit organizations and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) offer these tips to help prevent kitchen fires this holiday season:

Supervision is key. Never leave cooking food on the stovetop unattended and regularly check food cooking inside the oven.
Get in the zone. Keep children and pets away from cooking area by creating a 3-foot safety zone around the stove.
Keep away from the heat. To reduce the chances of bumping pots and pans and spilling their contents, turn panhandles in, but away from hot elements and burners.
It’s not a closet. Never use the oven for storage. The oven can be turned on – burning or damaging the items stored inside.
Keep it clean. Keep the cooking area clean and clear of anything that can burn – towels, potholders, drapes, food packaging, etc.
It’s made for food. Only use the oven for its intended use. Never use it to heat a room.
Roll ‘em up. Make it a point to wear short, close fitting or tightly rolled sleeves when cooking. Loose clothing can dangle onto burners and catch fire.
Too hot to handle?Use thick, dry, flame-resistant potholders when handling lids and pans. A wet potholder or oven mitt presents a scald danger if the moisture becomes heated.
Protect your valuables. When removing pot and pan lids, tilt them away from you to protect your face and hands from steam.
Keep a cool head. In the event of a range-top fire, put on an oven mitt and smother the flames by turning off the burner and carefully sliding a lid onto the pan. Leave the lid in place until well cooled. Never carry the pan outside.
Water and grease don’t mix! Never use water or flour on a grease fire. Doing so can shoot burning grease around the kitchen, actually spreading the fire.
Use the right tools. If you’re familiar with using a multi-purpose fire extinguisher, keep one handy in the event of a grease fire. Inexperienced users, however, can spread the fire. Make sure you know how to properly use a multi-purpose fire extinguisher.
Prevent flame spread. If you have an oven fire, immediately turn off the heat and keep the door closed to prevent flame spread.
Call for help. If you can’t extinguish the fire yourself, leave your home, call 9-1-1, and wait in a safe place until emergency personnel arrive.
Life-safety devices a must. Make sure you have working smoke alarms in your home. Never disable smoke alarms and check them regularly.
Escape plans for everyone. Develop a fire escape plan with family members and make sure all family members know at least two ways out of the home.
Get out and stay out. Never return to a burning building for any reason. Belongings can be replaced, lives can’t!

Steps to Take During a Power Outage

Washington, DC—The Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) offers the following advice for residents living areas affected by the power outage.

During any power interruption, immediately turn off or disconnect all major appliances such as air-conditioning, dryer, washer, dishwasher, range and heavy-duty motors such as pool pumps and water heaters. Otherwise, when the electricity comes back on, the sudden surge of power caused by the high demand for electricity could complicate and delay power restoration efforts. A second outage is more likely if our customers don't turn off their major appliances when an outage occurs.
Leave on just a few lights so you'll know when power has been restored. Don't turn off the refrigerator / freezer because you might forget to turn them back on when power is restored.
Remember to wait at least one minute after the power is restored before turning back on the equipment.
Some utilities in areas that were hit hardest are urging customers who have regained power to conserve energy and to refrain from using large appliances. Customers still without power should keep electric switches in the “off” position.
Keep the refrigerator door closed- to trap the cold air inside. Check for spoilage of any food that has been stored in the refrigerator or freezer.

If you are unsure about when to turn the power "on," contact your local utility. For all appliance related questions, you can contact the appliance manufacturers’ customer service toll-free numbers which can be found under “Solving Problems” on www.aham.org.

For more information, please call Jill Notini at 202-872-5955 ext. 318.

MICROWAVE OVENS

Microwave ovens can be found in more than 90 million American kitchens. In fact, the number of households owning more than one unit is growing. As "mini kitchens" appear in nurseries, in-law suites, exercise rooms, family rooms, master suites and bathroom spas, consumers are finding more and more that the microwave is a must have appliance.

Today a consumer may select from a wide variety of counter top, over the range or built-in units. Some models combine microwave & convection cooking so food can be browned, baked and roasted in one oven. Other options include combination microwave and conventional ovens. Touch-pad settings, interactive displays and enhanced memories for recipe storage are popular with many cooks.

Manufacturers are also answering consumer wishes by marketing models which take up less counter space but provide the same interior cooking capacity. Oven turntables, silent operation and a variety of color finishes are also available.

Visit our "Who Makes What" section for more information about microwave ovens.

CLOTHES DRYERS - CARE AND MAINTENANCE TIPS

Installation - The dryer venting materials are an important factor in dryer performance and safety. AHAM recommends the use of rigid sheet metal or corrugated semi-rigid sheet metal venting material. Do not use coiled-wire foil or plastic venting material. Not using the recommended venting materials could reduce airflow and drying time could be lengthened unnecessarily.

Maintenance - Dryers need maintenance like any other appliance. In order to keep sufficient airflow around the heating source, lint must be removed from the dryer and vent. Lint and dust can build-up over time and reduce airflow, resulting in decreased performance, by not allowing air to circulate freely through the dryer. Don't forget to clean the back of the dryer, where lint can be trapped. Clean the lint filter before and after each load. The interior of the appliance and venting system should be cleaned periodically by qualified service personnel. If you notice that the drying time is longer, clean the vent system thoroughly to ensure that there is proper airflow.

Keep the area around the dryer clean and free of clutter.

Prevent Rust On Your Appliance Finishes

Proper care can control rusting and help lengthen the life of your appliances. Appliance rusting can be most commonly found where there is a moist climate and salty air ‐‐ such as in the southeastern region of the United States, near the eastern and western coastlines, and around the Gulf of Mexico.

Once the rusting begins, halting it can be difficult. Sanding and painting, or replacement, maybe the only solutions. To help keep rust from occurring, take the following preventive measures:

Keep your appliance in a dry place. If you live in a warm, humid climate, place your appliances in an air‐conditioned room, not on a porch or in a breezeway;
Keep your appliance clean. Wipe it frequently with a clean, damp cloth, using a mild, nonabrasive cleaner. Consult the manufacturer's Use and Care manual for specific cleaning instructions; Apply a coat of paste car wax to your appliance's finish. This will help protect against rustencouraging moisture and dirt.
Keep rust from forming or spreading by applying touch‐up paint immediately to scratches. Most manufacturers sell touch‐up paint to match your appliance's color.

Check Gas Ranges For Proper Adjustment

If you use LP gas, commonly referred to as propane or bottled gas, make sure your range is adjusted for bottled gas when it is installed. An improper adjustment causes an incorrect gas/air mixture which results in over‐firing. If your range is not adjusted properly, you will notice soot, either in the oven or on pans, and the burner flames will be yellow rather than blue. If soot is present or the flame yellow, call you LP supplier or installer so the unit's adjustment can be checked. Only a qualified service technician should install or adjust your gas range.

Most gas ranges are designed to use either natural or LP gas but are adjusted for natural gas when shipped from the factory. Other ranges are manufactured to use one specific gas. All ranges have a nameplate clearly indicating the type of gas it must use and the type of gas for which it was adjusted when it left the factory. This nameplate is visible by opening either a door or a drawer, lifting the top or removing an accessory panel. When purchasing a new gas range, check the nameplate or make sure the salesperson knows the type of gas that must be used or the type pf gas for which the range was pre‐adjusted.

ENERGY SAVINGS IDEA: CEILING FANS

The onset of warmer weather in late spring and summer heralds the start of the "air conditioner season." One energy saving solution used by many homeowners combines the cooling effects of a ceiling fan with the use of a room air conditioner or whole-house

air conditioner. The evaporative cooling created by the moving air from the fan keeps the room's occupants comfortable while allowing the air conditioner thermostat setting to be raised to a more economical operating level.

Visit our "Who Makes What" section for more information about ceiling fans.

ENERGY CENTS: SAVING $$$ WITH ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS

Maximize your energy savings by:

• Replacing your old room air conditioner with a new energy efficient model. Today's units can save an average of $26 per year in energy costs compared to older models. Visit our "Who Makes What" section for more information about Room Air Conditioners.

• Buying considerations: before buying a new unit, consider two important factors, cooling capacity and operation efficiency. Cooling Capacity: a room air conditioner's cooling capacity is the amount of heat and moisture transferred from indoor air to the outdoors. Use AHAM's Cooling Load Estimate Form to help you determine what size room air conditioner you need. Be sure to buy a unit as close to the recommended capacity as possible. Click on Getting Started at left to download your own copy of the form. Operating Efficiency: Once you have determined cooling capacity, look for a high efficiency model in that size. Room air conditioner efficiency is expressed as EER (Energy Efficiency Rating). The higher the EER is, the more efficient the model.

• Look for AHAM's green and white room air conditioner certification seal. Certified units display their cooling capacity, electrical input (expressed in amperes), EER, and, if they provide heat, the heating capacity is expressed in Btu/hr. The AHAM seal is your guarantee that the model you choose will maximize your cooling comfort and save you energy dollars.

Maintaining the efficiency of your new room air conditioner:

• Read and follow the unit's instructions in the use and care booklet provided by the manufacturer. Keep the booklet in an accessible place and refer to it as needed.

• Keep the unit clean inside and out. Check the filter regularly, clean or replace as needed. The condenser should be cleaned at least every two or three years.

• Do not restrict the air flowing in or out of the unit.

• If you can, place the unit on the north or east side of the house.

• Be sure the unit is installed properly. Check wiring to be sure the circuit provides the right amperage and voltage.

• Move the thermostat to a warmer setting that still insures air comfort. See manufacturers’ guidelines.

• Turn off the unit and open windows when the weather is cool and breezy.

• Close off unused rooms.

• Turn off the unit when the room won't be used for several hours, or set the thermostat higher, or use the 24 hour timer feature.

• Use the fresh air and/or exhaust damper to draw in cool, outside air. Keep damper closed when fresh air is not needed, or when the unit is cooling.

Remember, you save money when you save energy because you lower your electric bills!

CHOOSING A NEW ROOM AIR CONDITIONER

If you are thinking about replacing your room air unit, consider this: today's units can save an average of $26 per year in energy costs compared to air conditioners built in 1980. Visit our “Who Makes What” section to find manufacturers who make air conditioners. You can also visit www.cooloff.org to find the right air conditioner for you. Buying considerations: before buying a new unit, think about these important factors: cooling capacity, operating efficiency, and certification.

Cooling Capacity: a room air conditioner's cooling capacity is the amount of heat and moisture transferred from indoor air to the outdoors. This capacity is expressed in Btu/hr. The higher the BTU/hr, the greater the cooling capacity. The right sized unit for your home is necessary to insure maximum cooling satisfaction. A unit with too much cooling capacity will result in a cold, clammy feeling because it will not run long enough to lower humidity. It will also cycle on and off excessively, reducing efficiency and wasting energy. A unit that's too small will not be able to cool adequately. Use AHAM's Cooling Load Estimate Form to help you determine what size room air conditioner you need. The result of your calculation will be in Btu/hr. Be sure to buy a unit as close to the recommended capacity as possible. Click on Getting Started at left to download your own copy of the form.

Operating Efficiency: Once you have determined cooling capacity, look for a high efficiency model in that size. Room air conditioner efficiency is expressed as EER (Energy Efficiency Rating). EER is computed by dividing Btu/hr by the watts of power used. The higher the EER number, the more efficient the model. Look for AHAM's green and white room air conditioner certification seal. Certified units display their cooling capacity, electrical input (expressed in amperes), EER, and, if they provide heat, the heating capacity is expressed in Btu/hr. Most new room air units carry the AHAM seal because the companies who market the majority of models are involved in this voluntary certification program. Manufacturers use industry developed test procedures to measure the cooling (and heating) capacity of their appliances. AHAM checks the certified claims against test reports from an independent testing laboratory. Newly certified products are listed by brand name and model number in semiannual directories.

The AHAM seal is your guarantee that the model you choose will maximize your cooling comfort and save you energy dollars.

CHOOSING A NEW DEHUMIDIFIER

April showers bring May flowers, and wet weather. The dampness and humidity resulting from springtime showers can lead to every homeowner's nightmare: wet spots on walls and floors, musty odors, warped wood, peeling wallpaper, rusted tools, blistered paint, and mold growth. What can homeowners do to remedy the situation? More and more are turning to dehumidifiers to remove excess moisture, and make their homes comfortable again. AHAM-certified dehumidifiers carry a certification seal assuring consumers that the amount of water the appliance removes from the air (in pints per 24 hours) is correctly stated on the product's nameplate. The seal also tells prospective buyers that the unit's water-removal performance is rated accurately and has been verified through tests conducted by an independent testing laboratory.

If you are shopping for a new dehumidifier, follow these simple steps:

• Use the AHAM Dehumidification Selection Guide table to determine what size unit is needed to eliminate the excess moisture problem. This table combines household square footage and moisture conditions to calculate what size unit is required to restore and maintain air comfort. Click on Getting Started at left to obtain your own copy of the dehumidification table.

• Check out the new dehumidifier models online. Click on Who Makes What at left to shop for dehumidifiers now.

• Look for the orange and white AHAM dehumidifier seal. That seal is your guarantee that what you need is what you get.

• Follow the manufacturer's instructions for operating and maintaining the unit.

Keep the use and care booklet in an accessible location.

THE CLEAN AIR DELIVERY RATE MAKES AIR CLEANER SELECTION PERFECTLY CLEAR

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

CONTACT: Jill A. Notini

Phone: (202) 872-5955 ext. 318

Fax: (202) 872-9354

Email: Jnotini@aham.org

WASHINGTON, DC(April 15, 2005)- Choosing the right air cleaner should be simple. But, consumers setting out to purchase an air cleaner may leave the store confused over available technologies and features. The Clean Air Delivery Rate is a long-standing performance certification program developed by the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) in 1988 which eliminates the confusion and makes the air cleaner purchase process a breeze for consumers. All consumers need to know is the size of the room they want to treat.

CADR – the Clean Air Delivery Rate – is a measurement of particulate removal established by AHAM. This rate determines how well an air cleaner reduces pollutants such as tobacco smoke, pollen and dust. The CADR- Certified seal on the air cleaner package will list the CADR ratings and recommended room size.

In addition to looking for air cleaner performance ratings, consumers may also be interested in knowing if the unit generates ozone emissions. General information on ozone can be obtained through the www.EPA.gov web site, or consumers may contact the manufacturer to inquire about ozone emissions.

“The CADR seal is the best way for consumers to judge the effectiveness of a room air cleaner,” said AHAM President, Joseph M. McGuire “There is no other nationally recognized test that takes into consideration the performance of the machine so that consumers can be comfortable that these units will work effectively in the home.”

The CADR seal gives consumers a basis for comparison between products and allows them to choose the air cleaner that best suits their needs For example, one room air cleaner may show a higher rating than another for pollen, a big bonus for pollen-type allergy sufferers. Others may be more interested in a higher CADR for tobacco smoke. The CADR seal tells consumers how the product’s Clean Air Delivery Rate compares to other room air cleaners and how to choose the right air cleaner.

For a copy of the Consumer Guide for Room Air Cleaners or a list of certified room air cleaners, visit the web site at www.cadr.org.

The Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers is a full service trade association representing manufacturers of major, portable and floor care appliances, and suppliers to the industry. All independent testing and verification for the AHAM Room Air Cleaner Certification program are provided by Intertek Testing Services, located in Cortland, NY.

VALENTINE’S DAY GIFT IDEAS FOR THE ALLERGY SUFFERER IN YOUR LIFE

Surprise your sniffling sweetie with a CADR certified air cleaner. If dust, tobacco smoke and/or pollen is to blame for the allergy and/or asthma symptoms in your home, a CADR rated air cleaner may be just the answer.

The Clean Air Delivery Rate program began in 1998 to simplify the air cleaner selection process for consumers who are confused by the various types of cleaners in the market. The program involves a rigorous testing process in an independent testing lab where separate effectiveness ratings are determined for reduction of tobacco smoke, dust and pollen for each air cleaner.

Twenty seven brands and more than 160 different models have been tested and are listed in the Directory of Certified Air Cleaners released on a quarterly basis. The directory and other materials are available by mail or from our website www.cadr.org. You can also link to the websites of each of manufacturer to view their products, compare the different types of technology, and find purchase information.

According to the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM), a portable air cleaner, certified for its Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) may significantly reduce the level of airborne pollutants in a home. A recent study conducted by AHAM showed that 28%of air cleaner owners acquired the appliance to improve their own health and health of other adults in the household. According to another AHAM study, 57% of air cleaner owners believe that their air cleaners have had a large impact on the quality of indoor air, and 32% believe that their air cleaner has led to an improvement in their health and/or the health of other household members.

There are resources that can help you to select an appropriate air cleaner. Log onto www.cadr.org or call 800-267-3138 to obtain a Consumers Guide to Selecting an Air Cleaner and show your love by giving the gift of clean air this Valentine’s Day!

REDUCE ALLERGENS WITH AN AIR CLEANER!

In the spring, trees and grasses can be common allergens which trigger allergies. Allergic rhinitis, or hay fever, is often a problem for children. Common symptoms are: a stuffy or runny nose, sneezing, congestion, itchy eyes and nose, sore throat, and a cough that may be worse at night and in the morning. Adults and children with seasonal allergies usually exhibit these symptoms when exposed to outdoor allergens, such as pollens, grasses and weeds. Others may have perennial allergies, which cause allergies all year due to exposure to indoor allergens, such as dust mites, pet dander, tobacco smoke and molds.

It is difficult to completely avoid the things that cause allergies, but there are some things you can do to minimize your exposure. For example, you should keep windows closed in the car and at home and limit outdoor activities, especially when the pollen count is high. You can check the pollen count for your area at www.cadr.org. Do not hang your laundry outside to dry as the items may collect pollen and other allergens. Instead, use a dryer or hang the clothes inside. Taking a shower before bedtime will help remove the allergens and help you avoid nighttime allergy problems.

Another option for reducing allergic symptoms is to place a portable room air cleaner in your bedrooms. Most are easy to carry devices, and can be moved from room to room. According to a recent study conducted by the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, 57% of air cleaner owners believe that their air cleaners have had a large impact on the quality of indoor air, and 32% believe that their air cleaner has led to an improvement in their health and/or the health of other household members.

Before purchasing an air cleaner, know the square footage of the room you want to treat. You'll want to select an air cleaner that's large enough for the room you're treating. Also, consider air filtering efficiency. Look for the Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) seal on the product packaging. The seal indicates that the unit has been tested for its performance at an independent laboratory. From air cleaner to air cleaner, compare the CADR numbers. The higher the dust, tobacco smoke and pollen CADR numbers, the faster the unit filters the air. You can then weigh the importance of product features to find an air cleaner that fits your needs.

This spring, don’t let allergies bring you down, contact the Clean Air Delivery Rate program to find out how you can reduce the allergens in your home. Visit www.cadr.org, or call 800-267-3138 to receive a directory of CADR certified air cleaners.

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT TODAY’S HOME REFRIGERATORS

Did you know…

• You can enjoy the taste of cold, refreshing water, and avoid the hassle of buying bottled water, when your new refrigerator has a built-in water filter.

• You can enjoy the convenience of a little refrigerator in any room in your house. Under-the-counter models make great additions to nurseries, master suites, great rooms, dens,rec rooms and in-law suites.

• You can save over $50 a year in energy costs by replacing a refrigerator purchased in 1980 with a new model. New refrigerators offer more features, more capacity, more style and they save money, too!

• You can find the perfect refrigerator to fit your lifestyle regardless of whether you are a family of 1 or a family of 6. Sleek, elegant design plus quiet operation are apt descriptions of today's new models. Choose from a variety of finishes and styles in side-by-side, 2-door top freezer, 2-door bottom freezer, under-the-counter, cabinet flush and built-in models.

CLEAN-UP YOUR AIR WITH A ROOM AIR CLEANER

Had a sore throat lately? How about red and scratchy eyes? Headaches? Sneezing? It could be from tobacco smoke, dust, pollen, or animal dander floating around inside your home. What should you do?

Step one, see your doctor and make sure you don't have a medical problem.

Step two, purchase a new room air cleaner. Click on our “Who Makes What” section or visit www.cadr.org to find more information about air cleaners.

To help consumers choose an air cleaner, AHAM has developed the Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) Seal program. The program helps you decide which air cleaner to buy by rating each according to the amount of clean air the product will deliver per minute in cubic feet. Ratings are shown on the seal for tobacco smoke, dust and pollen, along with appropriate room sizes.

CADR-rated room air cleaners can remove tobacco smoke particles as small as one-tenth of a micron, and dust and pollen particles much smaller than one micron.

Look for the CADR seal whether you suffer from allergies or asthma, are concerned for the air your children are breathing, or simply want better air quality for yourself. CADR can help you make the best choice for conditions in your home and the size of the room.

Testing and verification for the AHAM Room Air Cleaner Certification program are provided by an independent testing laboratory. For more information about the CADR program: www.cadr.org

COOL OFF QUICKLY WITH FANS

Fans, used alone or with air conditioning, help increase your personal air comfort. Some of the most common types of fans available at your favorite store are:

• Personal or clip fans. Small, compact units. Great for the workplace. Blade size: 4 to 7 inches.

• Desk or table fans. Good for home or office use. Be sure the fan is balanced on a flat surface. Blade sizes run 8 to 12 inches.

• Stand fans: Fan blades ranging in size from 12 to 19 inches deliver greater air movement. Good choice for large rooms. Easy to move around the house.

• Box fans: the stand 20-inch box fan is a perennial favorite.

• Window fans are an increasingly popular choice. Stylish twin units offering reversible air movement are best sellers.

Having a hard time choosing which fan is right for you? Consider some of the following fan features:

• Some units offer 90-degree oscillation which helps cool more people.

• Mesh grilles offer greater protection than traditional metal spokes in keeping objects away from moving fan blades. Good feature for families with small children.

• Convertible: some units can be converted from a stand to a table fan.

• Tilt heads: these units help increase the efficiency of air conditioning and also increase air movement in rooms with high ceilings or balconies.

• Timers: allow user to predetermine what time the unit should go off

• Remote control: great choice for people who love gadgets or for those who may have difficulty getting up to change the unit's setting.

Remember to read and follow the manufacturer's directions for operation and maintenance. Visit our "Who Makes What" section for more information about fans.

MICROWAVE OVENS

Visit our "Who Makes What" section for more information about microwave ovens.

DISHWASHER FACTS

Stainless steel, white-on-white and black dominate the color scene in new dishwashers. Consumers can choose from many models offering a wide variety of new features. These include convection drying, water heating boosters which can reach high temperatures and water towers with spray patterns which insure that every dish is clean. Advanced water filtering systems insure that food particles are not re-deposited on dishes once the wash cycle has started. Manufacturers have also focused on reducing noise levels with improved insulation and delayed start options.

Visit our "Who Makes What" section for more information about dishwashers.

WARM WEATHER HELP FROM BLENDERS

Blenders are more than just an entertainment accessory. The new sleek and powerful models on the market are great summer helpers around the kitchen. Here are some of the ways you can use blenders:

• Mix drinks

• Crush ice to use for everything from beverages to buffet presentations

• Homemade dressings for fresh summer salads

• Shakes, malts and fruit smoothies & slushies

• Cold summer soups

• Salsa and other fresh vegetable or chip dips

• Homemade barbecue sauce & other vegetable and meat sauces

Blenders are showing lots of new, bright colors in addition to the traditional classic chrome models. New products are easy cleanup, plus most units are small enough to fit under standard kitchen cabinets.

Click on the "Who Makes What" button at left to shop for blenders on-line.

CLOTHES DRYER FACT SHEET

The installation and maintenance of clothes dryers are an important part of ensuring that the appliance performs as designed. The Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) has reviewed many of the building codes used across the U.S. to ensure that the installation of clothes dryers is in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

AHAM, on behalf of its home laundry manufacturers, submitted comments to the 1999 edition of the National Fuel Gas Code (ANSI Z223.1/NFPA 54) to specify that exhaust and transition vents shall not be constructed of coiled-wire foil or plastic material and that vents be installed in accordance with the clothes dryer manufacturer’s installation instructions. AHAM recommends that clothes dryer vents be constructed of rigid sheet metal or corrugated semi-rigid sheet metal material.

The National Fuel Gas Code offers criteria for the installation and operation of gas piping and gas equipment on consumers' premises. It is intended to promote public safety by providing requirements for the safe and satisfactory utilization of gas.

In addition to submitting comments to the National Fuel Gas Code, AHAM suggests the following tips for the proper use and installation of residential clothes dryers. Consumers should always consult the manufacturer's instructions for guidelines specific to their clothes dryer.

Dryer Care and Maintenance

Installation - The dryer venting materials are an important factor in dryer performance and safety. AHAM recommends the use of rigid sheet metal or corrugated semi-rigid sheet metal venting material. Do not use coiled-wire foil or plastic venting material. Not using the recommended venting materials could reduce airflow and drying time could be lengthened unnecessarily.

Maintenance - Dryers need maintenance like any other appliance. In order to keep sufficient airflow around the heating source, lint must be removed from the dryer and vent. Lint and dust can build-up over time and reduce airflow, resulting in decreased performance, by not allowing air to circulate freely through the dryer. Don't forget to clean the back of the dryer, where lint can be trapped. Clean the lint filter before and after each load. The interior of the appliance and venting system should be cleaned periodically by qualified service personnel. If you notice that the drying time is longer, clean the vent system thoroughly to ensure that there is proper airflow. Keep the area around the dryer clean and free of clutter.

Dryer Do’s

• Follow manufacturer’s instructions on installing the dryer and vent system.

• Replace coiled-wire foil or plastic venting with rigid sheet metal or corrugated semi-rigid sheet metal venting.

• Clean the lint filter before and after each cycle.

• Inspect venting system behind dryer to ensure it is not damaged or crushed.

Dryer Don’ts - Do NOT dry the following items in the dryer:

• Anything containing foam, rubber or plastic (i.e. bathroom rugs, non-slip mats).

• Any item which the dryer manufacturer's instructions specifically state "dry away from heat."

• Glass fiber materials (unless manufacturer's instructions permit).

• Materials on which there was anything flammable (e.g., alcohol, cooking oils, gasoline,spot removers, dry-cleaning solvents, etc.). These should be dried outdoors or in a well-ventilated room, away from heat even if they have gone through the wash cycle. Flammable substances give off vapors that could ignite or explode.

• Fabric soiled with cooking oils.

For more information, please call Jill Notini at 202-872-5955 ext. 318 or email jnotini@aham.org.

This clothes dryer fact sheet may be reproduced in its entirety for community newsletters or public outreach. We request that you credit AHAM, the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers,found at www.aham.org.

DO YOU NEED TO BUY AN APPLIANCE SERVICE CONTRACT?

HERE'S WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW

Do your homework BEFORE buying a service contract for your major appliance. Understand the "Terms and Conditions" of the contract, especially its limitations.

Be sure you know:

• The reputation of the selling agent

• If you must use a certain servicing organization

• If the agreement contains a service repair cost "deductible" clause

• If you must get second opinions or price estimates before repair

• If you can renew annually and what the cost is to do so

• Any repair not covered such as plastic non‐functional parts, decorative trim, glass, rust and corrosion, insect infestation, and installation, wiring or plumbing corrections

• If you have to take the appliance to the repair shop (versus being repaired in your home)

• If the agent is responsible for a repair when the necessary part is no longer available

• If you will be reimbursed for consequential damage such as clothing or food loss resulting from freezer failure

Asking the right questions BEFORE PURCHASING will prevent unwelcome surprises.

WHAT IS THAT FROST/MOISTURE IN MY REFRIGERATOR?

You've just purchased a FROST‐FREE refrigerator and are surprised to find frost and/or water droplets inside the freezer on food packages and the walls and moisture in the fresh food section of the refrigerator.

Why is this happening?

New refrigerators retain colder temperatures. Especially on hot humid days, the moisture entering the refrigerator or freezer when the door is opened will cause frost to form inside the freezer and moisture to collect inside the refrigerator. Additionally, to reduce energy use to meet government requirements, defrost heaters have shorter run times. Light loads in the freezer also contribute to the problem.

What can you do about it?

• Use your air conditioner to reduce humidity.

• Arrange shelving and food items so air circulates.

• Don't "overload" or leave the freezer empty. It should be at least half full.

• Set the controls as recommended in the use and care book. Manufacturers may suggest different settings for summer and winter.

• Properly seal liquids and high‐moisture foods stored in the fresh food section.

• Open the refrigerator and freezer doors as few times as possible.

• Clean the condenser coils at least twice a year. Check the use and care book for procedures. You'll save energy, too.

• Cover pots and pans and use the range hood fan when cooking to reduce moisture in the kitchen.

• Check and maintain the door gaskets. A good door seal keeps warm moist air out of the refrigerator.

These tips will help control frost and moisture in your refrigerator, but won't eliminate the problem, especially when humidity is excessive.

THAT “DIFFERENT” SOUND IN YOUR KITCHEN

If you bought a new refrigerator within the past few years, you've probably noticed that it sounds "different."

Here's why:

New refrigerators use only half as much electricity as older models. In fact, a new, 20.6 cubic foot refrigerator with top freezer uses no more electricity than a 75‐watt light bulb. Most new refrigerators are significantly larger and have such added conveniences as automatic defrost systems, icemakers and perhaps even a "built in" look. These features can cause changes in the sounds commonly associated with refrigeration operation, including:

A high‐pitched whine ‐‐ from energy‐efficient compressors that have smaller, higher speed motors;
A soft hum ‐‐ from the evaporator fan in the freezer and/or condenser fan under the refrigerator;
Clicks ‐‐ from the automatic defrost timer's switching on and off, the thermostat's turning the refrigerator on and off, or the water valve's refilling the icemaker;
Boiling or gurgling/trickling water ‐‐ from the refrigerant circulating in the sealed system or the trickling of defrost water into the drain pan when the refrigerator shuts off;
Running water and thuds ‐‐ from the filling of the ice cube tray and ice cubes' falling into the storage bin.

To help reduce these new sounds, make sure the refrigerator is level and the defrost water collection pan is in position (usually reachable behind the bottom front "toe plate"). Put carpet or sound‐absorbing ceiling tile on the wall behind the refrigerator, and allow enough space between the back of the refrigerator and the wall, unless the refrigerator is designed to be built in. Check your Use and Care book for the needed space.

To reduce compressor run time, vacuum the compressor coils twice a year, more often if you have pets; and keep your freezer at least three‐fourths full, filling empty space with jugs of water.

Some consumers report their refrigerators are "louder" than an identical model in a friend or relative's home. This may be due to the number of people in the house, as well as different furnishings and room arrangements. Carpeting, draperies, upholstered furniture and wall coverings help muffle refrigerator sounds, which are most noticeable in quiet surroundings. Consumers with hearing aids are especially sensitive to the sounds.

USE AUTHORIZED SERVICE FOR IN‐WARRANTY REPAIRS

Use authorized service if your major home appliance needs servicing and is still covered by the warranty. Not doing so may void your warranty and cause you to pay unnecessarily for labor and/or parts.

To locate the nearest authorized service, always check your Use and Care book or call the manufacturer's customer service number. If you don't know this number, try calling directory assistance at 1‐800‐555‐1212. Don't rely on Yellow Pages listings to find authorized servicemen. Ads for non‐authorized businesses can list brands they service and thus suggest they are authorized.

Manufacturers require use of authorized service for in‐warranty products because these businesses employ servicemen trained and qualified to the manufacturers' service specifications. The manufacturer provides the training, service manuals and factory‐specified parts.

Authorized service businesses are either factory service branches owned and operated by the manufacturer or independent businesses that have some contractual agreement with the manufacturer to do in‐warranty service.

Whenever you call for appliance service, be prepared to provide the model and serial numbers of your appliance, and the purchase date. Be sure to ask for a receipt for all service calls and repairs, even for no‐charge service performed during the warranty. Keep these receipts in a permanent file for as long as you own the appliance. These receipts are your proof of excessive service or related problems and may help in obtaining manufacturer assistance should problems occur after the warranty expires.

OPERATE REFRIGERATOR IN ROOM WARMER THAN 60°

Food may not remain fresh in an automatic defrost refrigerator/freezer or freezer placed in a room cooler than 60 degrees Fahrenheit.

Refrigerators and freezers with automatic defrost systems are sensitive to the temperature of the air surrounding them. As the air temperature rises, the refrigerator's compressor wastes energy by running more than necessary to maintain the storage temperature. When room air temperatures fall, the compressor may not run often enough to maintain a cold enough interior to store food safely.

As room temperature becomes colder and falls below 38 degrees, the refrigerator's compressor may not run at all. The freezer compartment temperature will increase to match the room's air temperature, and the frozen food will thaw.

Unless specifically designed to operate in low surrounding temperatures, refrigerators and freezers should not be placed in unheated locations such as garages or porches, where air temperatures are likely to fall below 60 degrees.

Check the manufacturer's Use and Care manual for the lowest surrounding temperatures in which your specific unit will provide safe storage of food. If you expect the temperature to fall below 60°z, empty the freezer section of the refrigerator to prevent the food from defrosting and spoiling. Consider emptying out the entire unit, turning it off, and, if you plan to be away for a long time, propping the door open.* Keeping the door open will prevent mold and odor. While manual defrost freezers can generally be operated in an unheated garage or porch without affecting the unit or frozen food, check your Use and Care manual to determine whether your unit requires special care.

KEEPING PROBLEM APPLIANCES FACILITATES SOLUTION

If you are having problems with a major appliance, keeping the appliance available makes assistance from the manufacturer more likely. Regardless of the type of problem, the appliance should be available during the complaint process in the event the manufacturer wishes to repair or to buy back the appliance.

To resolve problems with your appliances, the following steps are suggested: First contact the authorized service agency trained to repair the brand you own. Obtain a written diagnosis of the problem, a list of the parts required to repair it and an estimate of the costs for both parts and labor.

Second, write the manufacturer's main customer relations office outlining your complaint. You can usually find the manufacturer's address in the Use and Care manual that came with the appliance. Clearly describe your problem, including the model and serial numbers of your appliance, proof of purchase and a copy of the written diagnosis provided by the authorized service technician.

AVOID APPLIANCE REPAIR BILL SHOCK

Always ask for a cost estimate when you call for service on a major home appliance to avoid unpleasant surprises and make sure the service is really needed. Service agencies are independent and their charges vary, so ask what charges you'll be expected to pay.

Service charges cannot be judged solely by the time a technician spends at your home. The cost of sending a trained technician on a house call includes overhead costs, such as: expensive tools and accurate testing equipment; an inventory of parts; truck maintenance, gas and insurance; salaries for technicians and clerical staff; and educational training to keep technicians up‐to‐date on designs and features.

Unless your appliance is still under warranty, you will bear the responsibility of service calls, even if they prove unnecessary. Common charges include a trip or diagnostic charge, generally a fixed rate that covers the trip to your home and a minimum labor charge for a specified amount of time for the technician to diagnose the problem.

Additional labor rates are usually set up for every 15 minutes the technician is in your home following the expiration of the time allotted for diagnosis. A follow‐up trip may be necessary if special parts are ordered, but some service agencies charge only for the necessary parts and labor. Before you commit to an appliance service call, make sure you really need service. Check plugs, fuses and other power sources before assuming the problem is with the appliances. And remember to request and save receipts for all service calls, even when your appliance is under warranty.

USES LIMITED FOR FREEZER IN ONE‐DOOR REFRIGERATORS

Ice cream, frozen fruit juice concentrates and other foods with high sugar contents may not retain optimum hardness in a single‐door refrigerator's freezer section. Although most current refrigerator/freezers have separate doors providing access to separate sections, fewer than 2 percent of the models sold each year have only a single door, with a small internal compartment.

According to the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers' nationally accepted standard, the freezer compartment of a single‐door or basic refrigerator is "intended for short‐term storage of foods at temperatures below 32 degrees Fahrenheit and above 8 degrees Fahrenheit." Already‐frozen foods may last several days in freezer compartments but cannot be expected to last for long periods of time.

Distilled water may freeze at 32 degrees, but frozen foods must be stored at temperatures lower than that to ensure the maintenance of food quality. For example, vegetables begin to freeze around 31 degrees, meats near 29 degrees and orange juice concentrate at about 8 degrees. Ice cream begins to stiffen at 27 degrees but is considered at its ideal hardness for scooping at 8 degrees.

TIME, NOT USE, IS BASIS FOR WARRANTY

Warranty clocks begin ticking upon purchase of an appliance with no regard for frequency of use. While major appliances in vacation homes may not see regular year‐round use, four years of seasonal use do not add up to one warranty year. Rather, a one‐year warranty covers calendar year from the purchase date.

Become familiar with the terms ‐‐ and the time limit ‐‐ of your appliance warranty. Coverage often varies with the product's components. For example, a window air conditioner warranty may cover free repairs for all parts during the first year of coverage but may extend coverage to partial payment for repairs to the sealed system components, such as the compressor and evaporator, for an additional four years.

Manufacturers can offer almost any type of warranty as long as they clearly state provisions and make the terms available for review before purchase. To protect yourself, use all the appliance's features before the warranty expires, as problems generally surface in the first few uses.

While seasonal use may result in less wear and tear on an appliance, there are two valid reasons for time‐based warranties. Manufacturers cannot realistically base warranties on use because monitoring consumer use inside the home would prove impossible.

In addition, some appliances actually suffer more from extended periods of non‐use than from continuous daily operation. For example, refrigerator and room air conditioner sealed systems can stay vacuum‐tight for many years if the internal refrigerant gas and lubricant keep moving and softening the various seals. These seals may dry out if the mechanisms involved remain stationary.

PREVENT AND RECORD FOOD LOSS

Consumers seeking reimbursement for food loss caused by refrigerator or freezer problems must have accurate records and demonstrate having taken steps to prevent the spoilage. The terms of your warranty or maintenance contract govern reimbursement for food loss. Recommendations are not limited by warranty conditions, but the program's voluntary nature does not require manufacturer compliance.

Prevent and Minimize Food Loss

• If you're going to be away from home for an extended period of time ‐‐ such as a weeklong vacation ‐‐ ease up on your grocery shopping. Buy only enough perishable food to last until your departure date.

• When temperatures rise in your refrigerator or freezer, keep the door closed to prevent the escape of cold air. See if a friend or relative has temporary cold storage space for your food. In winter, move food to an unheated garage, porch or other location with a temperature near freezing. If you cannot find sufficient storage space and loss is unavoidable, consider donating the food to a community shelter or other organization that relies on contributions. Request a receipt indicating the food's value ‐‐ such contributions are often tax deductible.

• You should request service immediately upon discovering a problem.

Record Food Loss

• Make timely, complete, separate lists of food losses from the refrigerator and freezer sections of the unit, noting type, amount and dollar value of discarded food.

• Submit a copy of the food loss claim to a service agency or manufacturer promptly after the failure. Remember to keep a copy for yourself.

• Request and save receipts related to the appliance repair, even if the unit is under warranty and the service is provided at no charge.

• As with all appliance complaints, the request for food loss reimbursement should first be made to the manufacturer or service agency.

Always Get a Receipt

Asking for a receipt at the time of all service calls and major home appliance repairs helps consumers document recurring problems and increases the likelihood of receiving help if problems continue after the warranty expires. Consumers should maintain a permanent file of both during‐ and post‐warranty repair receipts, regardless of charges involved, advises the panel of the Major Appliance Consumer Action Program, a group of independent equipment, textile, engineering and legal experts charged by the industry to serve as mediators on consumer complaints. This complete record of service calls can validate a consumer's complaint that a problem has existed since the appliance was purchased. Lack of proof that a problem existed during the warranty period weakens a

consumer's position for subsequent consideration. This example demonstrates the importance of receipts:

Consumer Problem: "Two months ago, a defrost timer was replaced in my 11‐month‐old refrigerator. The cost of travel, labor, diagnosis and the part were covered as stated under the one‐year warranty. As I paid nothing, it never occurred to me to request a receipt.

Now the refrigerator is 13 months old and a service technician tells me the defrost timer needs to be replaced again. The warranty expired, and I must pay for travel, diagnosis and the cost of a second timer. I feel this is unfair because the same problem was corrected only two months

ago, under warranty. What can I do?" Recommendation: As the original defrost timer was replaced only two months ago, call the service agency and request an itemized receipt. If you obtain a receipt and the service agency

denies your request for special consideration or if the agency won't provide a receipt, write the manufacturer as listed in the model's Use and Care manual. Provide your name and address; the name, address and telephone number of the service agency; the date(s) of service;

purchase date; model and serial numbers; and the purchase price of the appliance.

Manufacturers often keep records of in‐warranty service and may be willing to give you special consideration.

Warranties Compare Before You Buy

Consumers automatically consider price, features and size when purchasing a major appliance, but warranties should not be overlooked when searching for the best appliance value. What seems like a great buy may prove to be costly if unexpected repairs are required.

To protect consumers, information regarding warranty coverage must be available at point of purchase for all products costing $15 or more.

Consumers should add warranties to the list of items to check before purchasing an appliance.

Stores often provide the information in the following locations:

• On the appliance packaging

• Near the appliance display

• In a central binder or filing system, usually kept indexed and updated

If the appliance is ordered through a catalog, the warranty text must be included or available upon

request.

Manufacturers offer two types of warranties.

Full warranties offer the most protection, and require the warrantor to remedy a problem within a reasonable amount of time and without charge, as long as the warranty is in effect. The warrantor may not limit the duration of any implied warranty, and must conspicuously list any limitations of exclusion

of resulting damages such as food loss or floor damage. Under a full warranty, consumers must be given the choice of a replacement or refund if a reasonable number of attempts to correct an in‐warranty problem fail.

Limited warranties cover only what the manufacturer outlines in the terms, and must be studied carefully to determine what the warrantor will provide and what costs the consumer will bear. Some warranties require the consumer pay for diagnosis or labor costs. Also, implied warranties may be limited to the duration of the written warranty.

The Story of the Refrigerator

Snow and ice, cool streams, springs, caves and cellars were long ago used to refrigerate food. Meat and fish were preserved in warm weather by salting or smoking.

The Chinese cut and stored ice in 1,000 B.C.

Around 500 B.C. the Egyptians and Indians made ice on cold nights by setting water out in earthenware pots and keeping the pots wet.

In 18th century England, servants collected ice in the winter and put it into icehouses, where the sheets of ice were packed in salt, wrapped in strips of flannel, and stored underground to keep them frozen until summer.

At the beginning of the 19th century, ice boxes were used in England.

Natural ice was harvested, distributed and used in both commercial and home applications in the mid-1800s. The ice trade between Boston and the South was one of the first casualties of the Civil War.

Wooden boxes lined with tin or zinc and insulated with various materials including cork, sawdust, and seaweed were used to hold blocks of ice and "refrigerate" food. A drip pan collected the melt water - and had to be emptied daily.

Pioneers in refrigeration included Dr. William Cullen, a Scotsman whose studies in the early 1700s dealt with the evaporation of liquids in a vacuum. Michael Farady, a Londoner who in the early 1800s liquified ammonia to cause cooling, and Dr. John Goorie of Apalachicola, Florida, who built a machine to make ice to cool the air for yellow fever patients in 1834. Today's compression refrigeration system operates on a concept adapted from Farady's experiments. It involves compressing gas into a liquid which will then absorb heat. In so doing it returns to gas. This is a simplified description of what happens in a home refrigerator, freezer, air conditioner or dehumidifier.

Warm winters in 1889 and 1890 created severe shortages of natural ice in the U.S. This stimulated the use of mechanical refrigeration for the freezing and storage of fish and in the brewing, dairy and meat packing industries. Commercial refrigeration techniques were also applied to railroad cars, were used in "coolers" in grocery stores and in various ways in manufacturing industries.

Two of the first home refrigerators both appeared in Fort Wayne, Indiana, where, in 1911, General Electric company unveiled a unit invented by a French monk. In 1915 the first "Guardian" refrigerator - a predecessor of the Frigidaire - was assembled in a wash house in a Fort Wayne backyard.

Kelvinator and Servel models were among some two dozen home refrigerators introduced to the U.S. market in 1916. In 1920 the number had increased to more than 200. Compressors were generally driven by belts attached to motors located in the basement or in an adjoining room.

In 1918 Kelvinator introduced the first refrigerator with any type of automatic control. One manufacturer's 1922 model had a wooden cabinet, a water-cooled compressor, two ice cube trays and nine cubic feet of storage space. It cost $714. In 1923 Frigidaire introduced the first self-contained unit. Steel and porcelain cabinets began appearing in the mid-20s.

In the 1920s and '30s, consumers were introduced to freezers when the first electric refrigerators with ice cube compartments came on the market. Mass production of modern refrigerators didn't get started until after World War II.

In the 1930s freon 12 was used to replace sulphur dioxide as the most commonly used refrigerant.

During the 1940s frozen food storage became widely used by consumers

Refrigeration technology began hopping in the 1950s and '60s when innovations like automatic defrost and automatic ice makers first appeared.

The environment became a top priority in the 1970s and '80s, which lead to more energy-efficient refrigerators and elimination of chlorofluorocarbons in refrigeration sealed systems..

Source: Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM)

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Grills or Griddles for your stovetop, which one is right for you?

An Entirely New Oven Idea

What to look for in a Barbeque!

Better Cooking with a Convection Oven!

Better Cooking with a Convection Oven!

How a convection oven works and what to look for!

Cooking Up Kitchen Safety

Steps to Take During a Power Outage

MICROWAVE OVENS

CLOTHES DRYERS - CARE AND MAINTENANCE TIPS

Prevent Rust On Your Appliance Finishes

Check Gas Ranges For Proper Adjustment

ENERGY SAVINGS IDEA: CEILING FANS

ENERGY CENTS: SAVING $$$ WITH ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS

CHOOSING A NEW ROOM AIR CONDITIONER

CHOOSING A NEW DEHUMIDIFIER

THE CLEAN AIR DELIVERY RATE MAKES AIR CLEANER SELECTION PERFECTLY CLEAR

VALENTINE’S DAY GIFT IDEAS FOR THE ALLERGY SUFFERER IN YOUR LIFE

REDUCE ALLERGENS WITH AN AIR CLEANER!

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT TODAY’S HOME REFRIGERATORS

CLEAN-UP YOUR AIR WITH A ROOM AIR CLEANER

COOL OFF QUICKLY WITH FANS

MICROWAVE OVENS

DISHWASHER FACTS

WARM WEATHER HELP FROM BLENDERS

CLOTHES DRYER FACT SHEET

DO YOU NEED TO BUY AN APPLIANCE SERVICE CONTRACT?

WHAT IS THAT FROST/MOISTURE IN MY REFRIGERATOR?

THAT “DIFFERENT” SOUND IN YOUR KITCHEN

USE AUTHORIZED SERVICE FOR IN‐WARRANTY REPAIRS

OPERATE REFRIGERATOR IN ROOM WARMER THAN 60°

KEEPING PROBLEM APPLIANCES FACILITATES SOLUTION

AVOID APPLIANCE REPAIR BILL SHOCK

USES LIMITED FOR FREEZER IN ONE‐DOOR REFRIGERATORS

TIME, NOT USE, IS BASIS FOR WARRANTY

PREVENT AND RECORD FOOD LOSS

Always Get a Receipt

Warranties Compare Before You Buy

The Story of the Refrigerator

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